Functioning is complex and multifactorial, and there are many different domains of function e.g. social, everyday, community and psychological functioning, some which are defined on this slide.
Background
Definitions of the various types of functioning have been taken from a variety of different sources, as listed in the references. Additional details:
- Social functioning: has been defined globally as the capacity of a person to function in different societal roles such as homemaker, worker, student, spouse, family member or friend. The definition also takes account of an individual’s satisfaction with their ability to meet these roles, to take care of themselves, and the extent of their leisure and recreational activities.
- Cognitive functioning: cognitive dysfunction is a core feature of schizophrenia. Deficits are moderate to severe across several domains, including attention, working memory, verbal learning and memory and executive functions.
- Community functioning: the MCAS (Multnomah Community Abilities Scale) is a 17-item community functioning scale that addresses social competence, behavioral problems, independent living skills and overall adjustment to community living.
- Vocational functioning: successful employment for at least half time in a job in the competitive sector or successful attendance in a school for at least half time for two consecutive years. If of retirement age, participating actively in recreational, family or volunteer activities.
References:
Brissos S, et al. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2011; 24; 10:18.
Bowie CR, Harvey PD . Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2006; 2( 4): 531–536.
Dickinson D, Coursey RD. Schizophr Res. 2002; 56(1-2): 161–70.
Preedy, Victor R. Handbook of Disease Burdens and Quality of Life Measures. New York: Springer, 2010.
Harvey PD. Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press , 2013.
Liberman RP, et al. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2002; 14(4): 256–272.