Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder (BD) includes several disorders of emotion, thought, and energy, characterized by biphasic mood episodes of mania or hypomania, and depression. Patients with BD are often misdiagnosed with diagnoses such as unipolar depression, schizophrenia, or substance-induced psychotic disorder, which can lead to administration of inappropriate treatment. BD are among the leading causes of disability in young individuals, because of the negative impact on functioning and mortality.