.jpg)
Although smoking may alleviate some of the symptoms of schizophrenia, cigarette smoking is a modifiable risk factor for a whole host of physical conditions, including cardiovascular disease, and cancer.[APA, 2013, pg. 574; De Hert et al., 2011]
References:
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Fifth Edition (DSM-5™). © American Psychiatric Association, 2013.
De Hert M, Correll CU, Bobes J, et al. Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. I. Prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care. World Psychiatry 2011; 10 (1): 52–77.
Buckley PF, Miller BJ, Lehrer DS, Castle DJ. Psychiatric comorbidities and schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2009; 35 (2): 383–402.
Goff DC, Henderson DC, Amico E. Cigarette smoking in schizophrenia: relationship to psychopathology and medication side effects. Am J Psychiatry 1992; 149 (9): 1189–1194.
Lyon ER. A review of the effects of nicotine on schizophrenia and antipsychotic medications. Psychiatr Serv 1999; 50 (10): 1346–1350.
Meyer JM, Nasrallah HA (eds). Medical Illness and Schizophrenia. © American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc., 2003.