Genetic and environmental drivers of behaviour

Decision-making is a complex process; additional translational research is required to elucidate the network and connectivity characteristics of identified variations in neural substrates, and the molecular underpinnings of these variations.¹ Potential molecular factors influencing the risk of suicidality include:¹

• Increased levels of inflammatory mediators
• Molecules produced by neurotropic pathogens, such as Toxoplasma gondii
• Decreased levels of the gonadal hormone testosterone
• High pollen count, with a large peak of atmospheric pollen during spring overlapping with highly replicated seasonal peaks in suicide rates
• Dysregulated production of several neuroactive compounds through the kynurenine pathway, which can affect emotions and behaviour; inflammatory cytokines have been shown to be potent inducers of the kynurenine pathway, with resultant downstream changes in glutamate neurotransmission

Reference:

1. Gould TD, Georgiou P, Brenner LA, et al. Animal models to improve our understanding and treatment of suicidal behavior. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7 (4): e1092.