This image illustrates a presynaptic neuron releasing neurotransmitters into inhibitory and excitatory synapses, with drugs acting on sodium, calcium, and potassium channels, synaptic vesicle proteins, and neurotransmitter receptors.

AMPA=α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid; GABA=gamma-aminobutyric acid; GABA-T=GABA aminotransferase;
GAT-1=GABA transporter 1; KCNQ=Kv7 potassium channel family; NMDA=N-methyl-D-aspartate; SV2A=synaptic vesicle protein 2A

file_download Download in HQ

Related content

Depression Comorbidity in Epilepsy: Identification and Screening Guidance play_circle Video play_circle
Depression Comorbidity in Epilepsy: Identification and Screening Guidance

In this video, Professor Dr. Nathalie Jetté reviews depression as a common yet often under-recognized comorbidity in epilepsy.

28.11.2025 Epilepsy
How can we address the stigma surrounding epilepsy? play_circle Video play_circle
How can we address the stigma surrounding epilepsy?

In this video, Professor Dr. Gretchen Birbeck examines epilepsy-associated stigma as a global public-health challenge

28.11.2025 Epilepsy
What can you tell us about the initial selection of an anti-seizure medication? play_circle Video play_circle
What can you tell us about the initial selection of an anti-seizure medication?

In this video, Professor Dr. Jacqueline French reviews practical, first-line decision-making for anti-seizure medication selection

28.11.2025 Epilepsy