Alzheimer’s disease – Treatment principles

References:
1. Knopman DS, Amieva H, Petersen RC, et al. Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021; 7 (1): 33.

2. Therriault J, Zimmer ER, Benedet AL, et al. Staging of Alzheimer’s disease: past, present, and future perspectives. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28 (9): 726–741.

3. …

References:
1. Atri A. The Alzheimer’s disease clinical spectrum: diagnosis and management. Med Clin North Am 2019; 103 (2): 263–293.

2. Knopman DS, Amieva H, Petersen RC, et al. Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021; 7 (1): 33.

3. Joubert S, Joncas S, Barbeau E, et …

Reference:
1. Fish PV, Steadman D, Bayle ED, Whiting P. New approaches for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29 (2): 125–133.

References:
1. Fish PV, Steadman D, Bayle ED, Whiting P. New approaches for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29 (2): 125–133.

2. Cummings J, Zhou Y, Lee G, et al. Alzheimer’s disease drug development pipeline: 2023. Alzheimers Dement (N Y) 2…

Therapeutic approaches to AD can be divided into three categories: symptomatic, disease-modifying and regenerative. In 2021, aducanumab received accelerated US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for the treatment of AD.² In 2023, lecanemab received accelerated FD…

References:
1. Atri A. The Alzheimer’s disease clinical spectrum: diagnosis and management. Med Clin North Am 2019; 103 (2): 263–293.

2. Rabins PV, Rovner BW, Rummans T, et al. Guideline Watch (October 2014): practice guideline for the treatment of patients with Alzheimer’…

As a key goal for managing cognitive impairment is an improvement in cognition, the availability of symptomatic treatments for AD is important.² Additionally, improvement of behavioural symptoms can impact the quality of life of patients and caregivers, and may delay time…

Currently, the main available treatment of cognitive and behavioural symptoms in AD involves enhancement of cholinergic neurotransmission using cholinesterase inhibitors.³ There are currently three cholinergic-based drugs that represent the standard of care for AD.³ The u…

The main neurotransmitter in the brain is glutamate.^7,8 Overstimulation of the glutamatergic system may result in neuronal damage, known as excitotoxicity, which subsequently results in neuronal calcium overload.⁹ Included in the many postsynaptic receptors stimulated by …

As of August 2023, there are two FDA approved DMTs available for the treatment of AD.^4,5 Aducanumab, the first novel therapy approved for AD since 2003, is a monoclonal antibody selective for aggregated forms of amyloid-b.^4,6 Since its discovery, several experimental stud…

There are currently several DMTs under investigation.¹ As of 2023, 44% of DMTs under investigation were biologics and 56% were small molecules.¹ 29% of the agents target neurotransmitters (including cognitive enhancers, and drugs being developed to reduce NPS), 17% target…

Several AD therapies under investigation target Aβ or its aggregates and can generally be divided into four therapeutic aims: 1) to reduce Aβ generation; 2) to enhance degradation and clearance of Aβ and its aggregates; 3) to neutralize soluble Aβ monomers or the resultin…