The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary bodily functions through two complementary divisions: the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic division prepares the body for activity and stress by increasing heart rate, dilating the pupils and airways, reducing gastrointestinal activity, and inhibiting bladder emptying. It also stimulates sweating and the release of adrenaline and noradrenaline.1-3
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