The forebrain (prosencephalon) is divided into the telencephalon and diencephalon, while the hindbrain (rhombencephalon) is divided into the metencephalon and myelencephalon.
The mesencephalon is shown between the forebrain and hindbrain, contributing to the structure of the brainstem.
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Controlled movement relies on sensory feedback, particularly proprioception (the sense of body position in space and movement).
The olfactory system detects airborne odor molecules in the nasal cavity and transmits this information to the olfactory bulb. From there, signals are relayed to several brain regions involved in smell perception, memory, emotion, and behaviour.
The gustatory system detects taste stimuli on the tongue and relays this information through brainstem and thalamic pathways to the gustatory cortex.