The nervous system transmits information within and between different parts of the body in order to coordinate and regulate bodily functions. It is divided into two main components: the central nervous system (CNS), which consists of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes all nervous system structures located outside of the CNS.
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The olfactory system detects airborne odor molecules in the nasal cavity and transmits this information to the olfactory bulb. From there, signals are relayed to several brain regions involved in smell perception, memory, emotion, and behaviour.
The gustatory system detects taste stimuli on the tongue and relays this information through brainstem and thalamic pathways to the gustatory cortex.
Movement is controlled by a network of brain and spinal cord structures that work together to plan, initiate, coordinate, and execute actions.