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image Image A diagram of muscle innervation
Types of motor neuron

Precise coordination between alpha and gamma motor neurons is required for neuromechanical efficiency during the execution of movements.

28.05.2026 Fundamentals of Neurobiology
image Image Diagram of signalling pathways of the cerebellum
Signalling pathways of the cerebellum

The cerebellum represents only 10% of the total volume of the brain, but contains over 50% of the brain’s neurons.

28.05.2026 Fundamentals of Neurobiology
image Image Acetylcholine signalling in the human brain, sagittal section
Acetylcholine signalling

Acetylcholine is used throughout the nervous system at skeletal neuromuscular junctions, and within the central nervous system.

28.05.2026 Fundamentals of Neurobiology
image Image Image showing signalling pathways of Noradrenaline
Noradrenaline signalling

Noradrenaline (also called norepinephrine) is a neurotransmitter primarily found within neurons in the locus coeruleus.

28.05.2026 Fundamentals of Neurobiology
image Image Image showing the neurocircuitry of a reflex
The neurocircuitry of a reflex

A reflex is a rapid, automatic response to a stimulus. Sensory signals travel through the spinal cord to activate muscles and produce movement.

28.05.2026 Fundamentals of Neurobiology
image Image Image showing the spinal cord and the body regions supplied by spinal nerves
Spinal nerves innervate different regions of the body

Spinal nerves connect the spinal cord to different parts of the body. Each region controls specific muscles, movements, and bodily functions through distinct nerve pathways.

28.05.2026 Fundamentals of Neurobiology

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